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Alopecia

Alopecia

 

Alopecia Areata is a type of patchy hair loss that is caused by the body’s immune system attacking the hair follicles. Alopecia can affect men, women and children. It occurs in circular bald patches, usually on the scalp. They can begin to overlap and lead to extensive hair loss.

 

The inflammation caused by the autoimmune disease often occurs deep in the skin, and there will be no visible reaction, such as redness on the scalp, just the hair loss itself. The hair loss can happen quite suddenly and may develop over just a few days.

 

It is not known what causes alopecia and is often regarded as stress induced. However, it is now believed that genes may play a role in making an individual more susceptible to alopecia. Unlike other autoimmune diseases, the inflammation does not cause total destruction of the hair follicles, but if the inflammation subsides, the hair can re-grow. People who suffer with just one or two bald patches often have a full spontaneous recovery within 2 years. However, those with more substantial hair loss may suffer from repeated cycles of loss and regrowth.  

 

Treatment of alopecia is most commonly a corticosteroid cream, that is applied topically to the bald patches. In severe cases a corticosteroid injection to the area can work well for some people. Close monitoring will be required however, as the side effects include skin thinning at the site of the injection. The most extreme cases can be treated with systemic corticosteroid (pill form), as a short-term solution, as long-term effects can cause bone thinning.

 

Currently treatment for long-term, severe alopecia are not very effective. The only solution for some people will be to wear a wig.

 

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