Periodic paralysis, also known as myoplegia paroxysmalis familiaris, is the term for a group of rare genetic conditions resulting in weakness or paralysis. Symptoms often first appear in childhood or teenage years, but in some cases, the condition will develop in later life. 

Primary periodic paralysis is a rare hereditary condition and is linked to excessive or deficient levels of potassium in the body. The precise diagnosis, whether hypokalemic, hyperkalemic, paramyotonia congenita, or Andersen-Tawil syndrome, will depend on the exact nature of the problem the cells have processing sodium, chloride or potassium. 

Episodes of paralysis have a variety of possible triggers, including extreme temperatures, not eating, stress, and physical activity. Other triggers include drinking alcohol, taking certain medications, eating too many carbohydrates, and long sedentary periods. Symptoms associated with periodic paralysis include muscle pain or stiffness, changing body temperature, breathing difficulties and heart problems. 

Treatment of periodic paralysis often involves medication and supplements to treat any deficiency or excess of minerals or vitamins. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are often prescribed to treat periodic paralysis.